Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez has declared a second nationwide state of emergency in the hope of stemming a resurgence in coronavirus infections.

The Socialist leader told the nation in a televised address that the extraordinary measure will go into effect on Sunday.

He said the government will use the state of emergency to impose an 11pm to 6am nationwide curfew, except in the Canary Islands.

The prime minister said Spain's 19 regional leaders will have authority to set different hours for the curfew, as long as they are stricter; close regional borders to travel, and limit gatherings to six people who do not live together.

"The reality is that Europe and Spain are immersed in a second wave of the pandemic," Mr Sanchez said after meeting his Cabinet.

The leader added he will seek the endorsement of the Parliament to extend the state of alarm for six months until May.